1988 Amendment to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China (Chinese and English Text)

The following translation was retrieved from the ChinaCourt.org Web site on November 30, 2005. The Chinese text was retrieved from the Yahoo News Web site on March 20, 2006.

AMENDMENT ONE to the CONSTITUTION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

(Approved on April 12, 1988, by the 7th NPC at its 1st Session)

1. Article 11 of the Constitution shall include a new paragraph which reads: "The State permits the private sector of the economy to exist and develop within the limits prescribed by law. The private sector of the economy is a complement to the socialist public economy. The State protects the lawful rights and interests of the private sector of the economy, and exercises guidance, supervision and control over the private sector of the economy."

2. The fourth paragraph of Article 10 of the Constitution, which provides that "no organization or individual may appropriate, buy, sell or lease land or otherwise engage in the transfer of land by unlawful means," shall be amended as: "no organization or individual may appropriate, buy, sell or otherwise engage in the transfer of land by unlawful means. The right to the use of land may be transferred according to law."